Judge John Cooper appears to be a democrat and a supporter of the Democratic Party. margin-top: 1px; Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper ruled the state has to give school districts due process and allow them to show their mandatory mask mandates are reasonable. NEWS & UPDATES Help Out With the March 14 Municipal Elections! The reproductive freedoms of Floridas women stood strong in the face of Gov. This page was last updated during the official's most recent election or appointment. DeSantis and the authoritarian Republican legislature deserve this rebuke.. (Podcast). This county is outside of that coverage scope and does not receive scheduled updates. That is why we champion the middle class and cherish the principle that all Floridians should have the opportunity to work hard and succeed. Contributors & reporters: Phil Ammann, Roseanne Dunkelberger, A.G. Gancarski, Anne Geggis, Kelly Hayes, Ryan Nicol, Jacob Ogles, Gray Rohrer, Jesse Scheckner, Christine Sexton, Andrew Wilson, Wes Wolfe, and Mike Wright. Since Anderson airs his segments from New York City, which is demographically speaking a more "blue" city, folks do think that he's a Democrat. Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper ruled that the restriction clashes with an earlier state Supreme Court ruling, which concluded that abortion is protected by the Florida constitution's. DemCast is an advocacy-based501(c)4nonprofit. The Florida Constitution does not include and has never included a right to kill an innocent unborn child., He added, We will appeal todays ruling and ask the Florida Supreme Courtto reverse its existing precedent regarding Floridas right to privacy. [1][2] He received a Juris Doctor with distinction in 1993 from Stanford Law School, where he was president of the Stanford Law Review. Deceptive. Cooper issued a verbal decision that Torres "should be decertified as a candidate," said Mark Herron, an attorney for the plaintiffs who challenged Torres' candidacy. Jointly appointed to the Eastern and Western Districts of Missouri. Judge John C. Cooper Judicial Assistant Jessica Underwood Covid - 19 HEARING PROTOCOL Hearings Before Leon Circuit Judge John C. Cooper Until Further notice, all hearings will be conducted by telephone conference or Zoom conference. } Its primary sponsors include House Speaker Tim Moore of . Alt-metal band Skillet includes John Cooper (center), Korey Cooper (left), Seth Morrison, and Jen Ledger (Courtesy Photo) The alt-metal band has in recent years become one of the top Christian rock bands, with their latest record Dominion debuting at #1 on iTunes Album Sales Charts across all genres. Clever. Elections in 2023 | LOSS LEADER: Florida's Republican governor loses another round in court. The following is a list of all current judges of the United States district and territorial courts.The list includes both "active" and "senior" judges, both of whom hear and decide cases. Appeals from the Northern District go to the United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit . He was re-elected by voters in 2008, 2014, and 2020. His current six-year term expires in January 2027. font-weight: bold; She initially filed to run as an independent candidate but changed to run as a Democrat on August 12, 2021, one day after her voter registration changed in Maryland. Bloomberg Markets European Open kick starts the trading day, breaking down what's moving markets and why. She appeared on national TV, amassed an army of more than 380,000 Twitter followers, was the subject of glowing profiles in mainstream news outlets, launched her own Covid tracker, and raised a half million dollars online. Earlier today, Leon County Circuit Court Judge John C. Cooper ruled that Governor Ron DeSantis acted beyond the boundaries of his authority when he signed an executive order blocking local school boards from enacting mask protocols. Tien, among the plaintiffs in the case, is a maternal-fetal medicine specialist who performs abortions with Planned Parenthood of South, East and North Florida. A judge in Tallahassee ruled Thursday that Florida's new 15-week abortion ban violates the state Constitution, throwing the issue into confusion just a day before the law takes effect. Democrats is a political organization and information website that . [8] He received his commission two days later. Ron . background-color: red; [1][2][3][4][5][6], See also: Florida judicial elections, 2014 Florida is one of 43 states that hold elections for judicial positions. Judge Payne maintains chambers only in the Eastern and Northern Districts. Documents show that Jones changed her affiliation back to Democrat on August 11, 2021, according to the newspaper report. In their 6-3 ruling, justices upheld Mississippis 15-week abortion limit, which is identical to the new Florida measure. Send such requests to admin@demcastusa.com. Tag: Circuit Judge John Cooper Recent Posts Miami-Dade lawmakers file bills adding guardrails to lender-placed property insurance Club for Growth sides with Rick Scott, but Donald Trump's not. Learn how your comment data is processed. [19] Cooper is married to Amy Jeffress, a former Justice Department official and national security counselor to former United States Attorney General Eric Holder.[4][5]. Until Further notice, all hearings will be conducted by telephone conference or Zoom conference. But the state presented witnesses who argued that the tighter restriction also would prevent fetal pain and conscious suffering, which they claimed was present in fetuses. .widget-row.Independent, .widget-row.Nonpartisan, .widget-row.Constitution { Like the other 10 races for judge in Broward and Palm . color: white; Appointed as William Roy Wilson Jr.; name changed in 2011. background-color: white; Chamber Orange County Courthouse. | But Andrew Shirvell, founder and executive director of Florida Voice for the Unborn, blasted the ruling. Lets go home. A strike-all amendment had been OKd on the Senates legislation (SB 840) in the Appropriations [], A bill to ban pre-reveal games, slot machine-style entertainment consoles, was rescued Thursday in a procedural move after it initially failed on a tie vote. He serves as a Guest Lecturer at the University of Florida Levin College of Law for the law school's White Collar Crime and Statutory Interpretation courses. The United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida has jurisdiction in Leon County. Even two years ago, they chose not to challenge a new parental consent law signed into law by the governor, fearing it could lead justices to determine the privacy right no longer applied to abortion. John C. Cooper is a Circuit Judge for the Second Judicial Circuit of Florida in Leon County. Courtroom 19-C. Sub Division 29, Division 3. Interns wanted: Get paid to help ensure that every voter has unbiased election information. font-size: .9em; TALLAHASSEE, Fla. - Circuit Judge John Cooper concluded a lengthy explanation of Florida law and previous court cases Friday morning before announcing that Florida law does not allow the. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; .courts-container { background-color:#fcfcfc; width:100%; border:1px solid black;padding:5px;text-align:center;clear:both; } Failure to comply with the above procedures may result in the hearing being cancelled. Never miss a story: Subscribe to the Tallahassee Democrat using the link at the top of the page. School districts | Please include your address for verification purposes only, and if you send a Your Turn, also include a photo and 1-2 line bio of yourself. Please, Judge rules Florida schools can enforce mask requirements, 100 largest cities in America by population, https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=John_Cooper_(Florida_circuit_judge)&oldid=8532395, Pages using DynamicPageList dplreplace parser function, Pages using DynamicPageList parser function, Successful Florida judicial candidates, 2014, Florida circuit court judges, Second Circuit, Conflicts in school board elections, 2021-2022, Special Congressional elections (2023-2024), 2022 Congressional Competitiveness Report, State Executive Competitiveness Report, 2022, State Legislative Competitiveness Report, 2022, Partisanship in 2022 United States local elections. Court-Ordered Dismissal - Other (Other) 05/21/2015. Ballots in the race have already been mailed. CNN . DeSantis: State Didnt Manipulate COVID-19 Death Data Before Election, Download Game Free - Install and play now, American data scientist, geographer and whistleblower. The "Donors" category has been renamed "Contributors" to clarify that not all contributions are monetary donations. Meet the Cuban YouTuber Hoping to Turn South Florida Into MAGA Country, Covid Beach Grim Reaper Announces Run for Florida Attorney General, Florida Gov. The Hon. Abortion opponents in Florida say they expect DeSantis to propose tighter restrictions on the procedure after the November elections. While living in Maryland in 2021, Jones registered to vote as a Democrat in April, but then changed her party registration to unaffiliated in June of that year. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Elections 2014 Under the law, violators could face up to five years in prison. In issuing his ruling, Judge John Cooper of the 2nd Judicial Circuit Court of Florida delivered a crushing blow to Gov. background-color: grey; Regardless of how anyone feels about the merits of the decision, the personal attack on Judge Cooper by the governors communications director was unfounded and inexcusable. As Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper prepares to rule on Florida's mask mandate ban in public schools @GovRonDeSantis says he'll appeal an unfavorable decision: pic.twitter.com . They targeted the party headquarters in Sacramento, just blocks from the state Capitol. ORANGE COUNTY, Fla. . Ultimately the appellate courts will decide if he was right. Cooper granted the company's motion to compel arbitration based on a mandatory arbitration clause in the website's terms of use. border:1px solid #FFB81F; Deputy Attorney General James Percival urged Cooper on Thursday not to block the law, saying that if any such pain existed, erring on the side of caution is something the court should do., But Percival also argued, Some women will simply schedule their abortions earlier, resulting in a procedure with a lower complication rate.. Apply today! INVITATION - Early Vote Event with President Biden in Miami Gardens! She also travels around the country to provide abortions in regions with limited access. The ruling is for the lawsuit against Gov. All submissions may be edited for content, clarity and length, and may also be published by any part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper disqualified Jones from running in the August 23 primary because she hasn't been registered as a Democrat for a full year, according to a report from USA. Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper had ruled last month that the governor abused his authority in ordering the [] During earlier testimony, Dr. Shelly Tien of Jacksonville, said, Abortion is a very common procedure. Attorneys for the state had argued that the stricter standard would be safer for women by forcing more to seek earlier abortions. We believe the fundamental American promise that you can go as far as your own hard work will take you should shine brightest in Florida. A state trial judge has cleared Florida school districts to enforce strict mask mandates for students until a state appeals court can decide whether the DeSantis administration holds authority to enforce a parental veto over masks. (The CIA asserted that the search would be "unreasonably burdensome" and the NSA gave a Glomar response, refusing to confirm or deny whether the agency had records involving Mandela). Judge John Cooper argued that . Ballot measures, Who represents me? .courts-header { font-size:150%;background-color:#334aab;color:white;} text-align: center; [2] On January 16, 2014, his nomination was reported out of the Senate Judiciary Committee by a voice vote. A Florida election law passed last year requires candidates in partisan elections to be registered as a member of their party for a full year before qualifying begins in June. Leon County Circuit Judge John C. Cooper lifted an automatic stay of his decision last week that Republican Gov. 2. The Florida Supreme Court previously misinterpreted Floridas right to privacy as including a right to an abortion, and we reject this interpretation. Cooper upheld the rules in a "pun-filled" decision. margin-bottom: 0; The judges do not face competition on the ballot. Tonight on Zoom: Email Fundraising Training! "Your department is unfairly terminating Trump-appointed immigration judges amid a historic border crisis and rapidly growing immigration case backlog," the 12 Republicans, led by Rep. Andy Biggs . [10][11], In his ruling, Cooper said H.B. . Deadly. Do you have to be selfish to be a striker? Yale University ( BA) Stanford University ( JD) Christopher Reid "Casey" Cooper (born September 2, 1966) is an American lawyer who serves as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright by Extensive-Enterprises 2023. Submissions are published on a space-available basis. Judge Cooper ruled to the best of his ability on the issues presented. The insular areas of Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands each have one Article IV territorial court. Judge Boom is jointly appointed to the Eastern and. He was re-elected in 2008 and 2014. [7] His nomination was confirmed later that day by a 1000 vote. He was elected to this position in 2002 and took office the following year, replacing retired Judge F. E. Steinmeyer III. 241 does not prohibit schools from enforcing mask mandates because the law also allows for narrow restrictions to protect public health. Floridas Republican-controlled Legislature approved the 15-week standard earlier this year and Gov. The following is a list of all current judges of the United States district and territorial courts. A Florida Atlantic University poll in May found that 67% of Floridians think abortion should be legal in all or most cases. and J.D. } Judge John Cooper appears to be a democrat and a supporter of the Democratic Party. [4], Cooper received his B.A. Jones filed to run for Congress in north Florida in an effort to unseat Republican Matt Gaetz. "[12], Cooper presided over a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit, Shapiro v. CIA, filed in 2014 by an MIT graduate student against the CIA and NSA. Spouse. DeSantis and Republican leaders in the Legislature havent spoken about what could happen next in Florida, now that federal justices have given states authority to enact event stricter abortion laws, or outright bans. Cooper ran for re-election to the Second Circuit Court.As an unopposed candidate, he was automatically re-elected without appearing on the ballot. Democrat Charlie Crist, who is vying with Agriculture Commissioner Nikki Fried for their partys nomination to challenge DeSantis for governor, hailed Coppers decision. Their attorneys argued that affiliates and their patients would be irreparably harmed by the change. Address: 204 37th Avenue North #182 Arrowood finished second in a 2014 Court of Appeals race that featured 19 candidates. As of November 12, 2021, there are 71 Article III district court vacancies with 26 nominations awaiting Senate action and no Article IV vacancies or nominees awaiting Senate action.[2]. ABOTA takes no position regarding the merits of the case. But the current, seven-memberstate Supreme Court, including three DeSantis appointees and a fourth to be named in coming days to replace retiring Justice Alan Lawson is viewed as conservative and potentially poised to reinterpret the privacy right. No person involved in the hearing may appear at the Courthouse. | Court Map | Court Services | Media | Links. | Capital Bureau | USA TODAY NETWORK FLORIDA, Days before it takes effect, Floridas new abortion limit argued in court, Floridas new 15-week abortion ban challenged as violation of state privacy rights, The fall of Roe v. Wade: Five questions about abortion access in Florida, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. .top_disclaimer { In April 2017, Arrowood was appointed to the North Carolina Court of Appeals by Governor Roy Cooper, to replace Judge Doug McCullough, a Republican who resigned one month before he would have reached the mandatory retirement age.. September 2, 1966 (age 56) Mobile, Alabama, U.S. While some judges with senior status are currently inactive, these judges are not yet retired and may return to actively hearing cases at any time. These courts are called "district courts" and exercise the same jurisdiction as district courts; however, Article IV territorial courts differ from Article III district courts in that territorial courts have judges who serve ten-year terms rather than lifetime tenures. [9] In his order, DeSantis directed the Florida Department of Health and the Florida Department of Education to ensure that school COVID-19 restrictions are consistent with H.B 241, a law DeSantis signed on June 29 prohibiting state and government institutions from interfering with parents' authority to make educational or healthcare decisions for their children. padding-left: 10px; Filed. Biden Continues the Job Growth Trends of Past Democratic Presidents, Charlie Crist and Val Demings Need Your Help. Judge John . When elected officials and their spokespersons engage in personal attacks on judges for their analysis of our laws, they undermine the rule of law and proper administration of the judicial branch. .infobox { Emails obtained by Florida news outlets showed that rather than being directed to manually change data to drum up support for the plan to reopen, Jones had been directed by the states epidemiologist to temporarily disable the ability to export data from a state dashboard so the data could be verified and matched to other sources. Status. Home | Careers | Contact Us display: inline-block; On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The reason: Under state law, Circuit Judge John Cooper did not have jurisdiction to [], Bets off: Pre-reveal games remain illegal as Supreme Court nixes appeal, Feds still deliberating entering lawsuit over FIU bridge records, Feds weigh entering lawsuit over FIU bridge records, NTSB confirms local, federal criminal investigation into FIU bridge collapse, Sucker bet? color: black; District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands. Leon County Circuit Judge John C. Cooper lifted an automatic stay of his decision last week that Republican Gov. 100% remote. [17][18], Cooper is African-American. Circuit. Article III judges have lifetime tenure. There are no ads. According to a lawsuit brought by Peggy Schiller, a Democratic activist and Joness opponent in the race for the first congressional district, Jones was not qualified to run as a Democrat. Judge John Segal presiding. Candidates who are unopposed for any office do not appear on the ballot and are considered automatically elected. In December 2020, Florida Department of Law Enforcement agents executed a search warrant at her home, seizing computer equipment as part of an investigation into an unauthorized breach of a state emergency system. .widget-row.Republican { Ron DeSantis' ban on mandatory masks in Florida schools. word-wrap: break-word; Legislators and executives campaign explicitly on their political beliefs, and once elected they are expected to make decisions based on these beliefs. [1][2] He served as an associate at Miller, Cassidy, Larroca & Lewin LLC from 1996 until its merger with Baker Botts LLP in 2001, serving as a partner at the latter firm until 2012, when he joined Covington & Burling LLP as a partner. List of current United States district judges, In 1990, Judge Wright was jointly appointed to the Eastern and. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The Honorable Shirley Green Knight Gadsden County Supervisor of Elections 16 South Madison Street, Quincy, Florida 32351 * Phone:(850) 627-9910 E-mail: info@gadsdensoe.com * Office Hours: M-F 8:30 am - 5:00 pm * Find Directions info@gadsdensoe.com * Office Hours: M-F 8:30 am - 5:00 pm * Find Directions .widget-row.Green { American Board of Trial Advocates,Tallahassee chapter, a trial in a case filed by the parents of school aged children against various government officials, Judge throws out Gov. width: 100%; You can also submit anonymous Zing!s at Tallahassee.com/Zing. Jones, a former website dashboard manager for the Florida Department of Health, was fired in May 2020 for multiple performance issues. She became a minor political celebrity and a left-wing heroine after she claimed that she was targeted for refusing to manipulate data to justify DeSantiss plan to reopen the state. font-weight: bold; Ballotpedia provides comprehensive coverage of the 100 largest cities in America by population as well as mayoral, city council, and district attorney election coverage in state capitals outside of the 100 largest cities. Judge Cooper recently conducted a trial in a case filed by the parents of school aged children against various government officials challenging the governors executive order prohibiting school boards from requiring masks. The privacy right states every natural person has the right to be let alone and free from governmental intrusion. In its precedent-setting, 1989 T.W. ruling, the state Supreme Court overturned a parental consent law for minors seeking abortion, saying it violated that privacy right. Jones can try to appeal the ruling, but if it is upheld, Schiller will automatically win the Democratic nomination. Cooper was born in Mobile, Alabama, in 1966. Judges are appointed through a merit process. Rebekah Jones, the former Florida health department staffer who gained notoriety in 2020 for falsely accusing Governor Ron DeSantis of fudging the states Covid-19 numbers, will not be allowed to run in this months congressional primary, a north Florida judge ruled on Friday. Yet 500,000 of those 800,000 people who didn't vote in the Supreme Court race voted in the next judicial race on the ballot, the Court of Appeals, in which candidates were identified by political party. What would prematurely ending the COVID PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY mean, So what should we focus on when it comes to, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window). John Segal Discover key insights by exploring more analytics for John Segal Case # BC579073. DeSantiss ongoing attempts to strip away their right to make decisions over their bodies., This is a small piece of good news, a sign of legal sanity amid a larger ocean of ill-conceived legal opinions handed down from Americas highest court, Fried said. .widget-img { The Supreme Court's recent rulings on abortion, guns and religious liberty have some Americans questioning the court's legitimacy. For. But Circuit Judge John Cooper ruled that school boards are empowered to mandate that all students wear face-coverings, unless they obtain a medical exception. How to run for office | If you would like to help our coverage scope grow, consider donating to Ballotpedia. After Thursdays ruling, many remain guarded, acknowledging it could be only a momentary victory. The disclosure came in a letter sent this week to Circuit Judge John Cooper, whos presiding [], The House and Senate gambling bills were heard separately Friday, but one lawmaker already is folding his hand. Leon County Circuit Judge John C. Cooper said the new 15-week abortion ban, signed in April by Florida Gov. EDITOR'S NOTE: This story was updated to clarify that Floridas new 15-week abortion would still go into effect on Friday because the judges written opinion to block its implementation would not be filed until Tuesday. margin-bottom:0px; We have made the decision to build a media site free of outside influence. background-color: green; On March 26, 2014, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 5643 vote. Roemer was first elected to the Juneau County Circuit Court in 2004. He was elected to this position in 2002 and took office the following year, replacing retired Judge F. E. Steinmeyer III. Leon County Circuit Judge John Cooper ruled that the restriction clashes with an earlier state Supreme Court ruling, which concluded that abortion is protected by the Florida constitution's. On Friday, a judge ruled that Gov. All rights reserved. Florida County Court, Courts in Florida Florida judicial elections Judicial selection in Florida. Twitter:@PeterSchorschFL In 2016, Cooper denied the CIA's motion to dismiss, rejecting the agency's argument that the student had not given sufficient detail about the records he was seeking. The pre-reveal concept has [], An appellate court has thrown out a lawsuit over this years student government election at Florida A&M University. [9], In 2014, Cooper rejected a challenge brought by various pet-breeding groups against the United States Department of Agriculture. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. Despite identical commission dates, Judges Fleming, Ruiz and Brennan are organized chronologically by virtue of seniority of age. John Stemberger, president of the Florida Family Policy Council, said he sees as a possibility the governor proposing a six-week ban on abortions, similar to the so-called fetal heartbeat law which Georgia is now trying to put in place. Ron DeSantis and Republican lawmakers, a Florida judge has ruled that a new state law banning abortions at 15 weeks is unconstitutional and he intends to . She said the other voter registration changes were not done by her, the paper reported. Judges are not allowed to defend themselves from such attacks. No person involved in the hearing may appear at the Courthouse. degrees from Florida State University. Ron DeSantis signed the measure in April.

} The states witnesses were University of Utah neurobiologist Maureen Condic and Dr. Ingrid Skop, director of medical affairs at the anti-abortion Charlotte Lozier Institute. [12][13][14][15], In response, DeSantis' communications director said, "[w]e will continue to defend the law and parents rights in Florida, and will immediately appeal the ruling to the First District Court of Appeals, where we are confident we will prevail on the merits of the case."[9]. width: 250px; Is finding the back of the net the hardest job in football? Try to post comments related to the main topic of the article . At any time, you may request to be removed from our email list, and you may request all data to be removed from our database. The executive order and. His current six-year term expires in January 2027. It is time for DeSantis to finally devote the time and energy needed to boost vaccinations across the state so we can begin to lower our COVID infection and hospitalization rates and save Floridian lives., Florida Democratic Party Executive Director Calls Out Marco Rubio For Upcoming Self-Serving Trip To Iowa, As Marco Rubio adds another event to his self-servingfundraising trip to Iowawhile Floridians experience theworst COVID outbreak yet,Florida Democratic Party Executive Director Marcus L. Dixonreleased the following statement:Marco Rubio is more concerned with helping Iowa politicians raise money to further his own political agenda than standing with Floridians suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic. Maria Santoro is president of American Board of Trial Advocates, Tallahassee chapter. vertical-align: top; Assignment Domestic Relations. font-weight: bold; Counties | [3], Among Cooper's notable cases in the U.S. District Court is the criminal case of Ahmed Abu Khattala, who is charged with orchestrating the 2012 Benghazi attack. [1] From 1994 to 1996, he served as a Special Assistant to the Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice. He ran for a full term on the court in 2018 and won, becoming the first openly gay person . That is the role of the judiciary in our system, and it is highly improper for the executive to challenge his motives or independence. The views and opinions expressed on this site are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policies or positions of the DemCast organization. Education. Gambling bills on the move in both chambers, Pre-reveal games ban barely survives in House, Court tosses out lawsuit over FAMU student election, Antisemitic message distributor faces consequences in Palm Beach County court, Rick Scott says Democrats should be worried if Joe Biden is 2024 nominee, Last Call for 3.1.23 A prime-time read of whats going down in Florida politics, Jason Brodeur wants pay-to-play blog posts about elected officials reported with the state, Kamala Harris to speak at Miami Beach climate innovation summit. Each of the 50 states has between one and four Article III district courts, and the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico each have one Article III district court. If you would like to help our coverage scope grow, consider donating to Ballotpedia. People's interest in John's political belief started after he overruled the Florida governor's mask mandate ban in public schools on 27 August. .widget-row.value-only.black { .widget-value { He was retained by the electorate in 2018. The notice of hearing shall conform to the requirements of this protocol.